Context provides information about the current application context, such as the module and action names and the module directory. References to the current controller, request, and user implementation instances are also provided.
Model provides a convention for separating business logic from application logic. When using a model you're providing a globally accessible API for other modules to access, which will boost interoperability among modules in your web application.
DatabaseManager allows you to setup your database connectivity before the request is handled. This eliminates the need for a filter to manage database connections.
ConfigCache allows you to customize the format of a configuration file to make it easy-to-use, yet still provide a PHP formatted result for direct inclusion into your modules.
Action allows you to separate application and business logic from your presentation. By providing a core set of methods used by the framework, automation in the form of security and validation can occur.